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Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Interfacial Molecular-level Structures of Polymers and Biomacromolecules Revealed via Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy
Published on: August 13, 2019
Helmholtz solitons at nonlinear interfaces
J Sánchez-Curto1, P Chamorro-Posada, G S McDonald
1Departamento de Teoría de la Señal y Comunicaciones e Ingeniería Telemática Universidad de Valladolid, ETSI Telecomunicación, Spain. julsan@tel.uva.es
Abstract:
Reflection and refraction of spatial solitons at dielectric interfaces, accommodating arbitrarily angles of incidence, is studied. Analysis is based on Helmholtz soliton theory, which eliminates the angular restriction associated with the paraxial approximation. A novel generalization of Snell's law is discovered that is valid for collimated light beams and the entire angular domain. Our new theoretical predictions are shown to be in excellent agreement with full numerical simulations. New qualitative features of soliton refraction and limitations of previous paraxial analyses are highlighted.
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