[Peritoneal biofilms: microscopic features]

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Surgical Pathology

Context:

• Severe peritonitis poses significant clinical challenges, with antibiotherapy being a primary treatment modality.
• Peritoneal biofilms can impede antibiotic efficacy by increasing minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC).

Purpose:

• To investigate the presence and temporal development of bacterial biofilms on the peritoneal surface in severe secondary peritonitis.
• To correlate experimental findings with clinical observations in patients suffering from diffuse peritonitis.

Summary:

• Bacterial colonies were observed on the peritoneal surface within 24 hours post-operation in an experimental model of peritonitis (Cecal Ligation Puncture in mice).
• Mature, multilayer, polymicrobial biofilms with deep abdominal wall penetration were documented between 48 and 72 hours.
• Clinical samples from patients with diffuse peritonitis corroborated the rapid formation of mature biofilms.

Impact:

• Demonstrates the early onset and progression of bacterial biofilm formation in peritonitis.
• Highlights the potential for antibiotic resistance due to biofilm development, necessitating consideration in treatment planning.