Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Autophagy01:27

Autophagy

Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and pro-apoptotic...
Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy01:22

Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy

Cells respond to damage and stress through highly coordinated processes that decide whether they survive or undergo controlled self-destruction. Two major pathways involved in this regulation are apoptosis, a type of programmed cell death, and autophagy, a survival mechanism that helps cells adapt to adverse conditions.ApoptosisApoptosis removes aged or injured cells to maintain tissue balance. During this process, the cell shrinks, chromatin condenses and fragments, and membrane-bound...
Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
Regulated Protein Degradation02:58

Regulated Protein Degradation

It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
The Proteasome01:13

The Proteasome

Eukaryotic cells can degrade proteins through several pathways. One of the most important among these is the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. It helps the cell eliminate the misfolded, damaged, or unwarranted cytoplasmic proteins in a highly specific manner.
In this pathway, the target proteins are first tagged with small proteins called ubiquitin. This involves participation of a series of enzymes including— E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme), and E3 (ubiquitin...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

GPR15-guided CD8<sup>+</sup> T regulatory cells control intestinal inflammation.

Nature·2026
Same author

Immunoregulatory gene <i>GIMAP6</i> suppresses lethal atherosclerotic vasculopathy and ischemic heart failure.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

The impact of genetic immune disorders on infections including COVID-19, inflammatory bowel disease and cancer.

Nature immunology·2025
Same author

CARD11 signaling regulates CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell tumoricidal function.

Nature immunology·2025
Same author

The Canadian collaborative project on genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis cohort population structure and disease etiology.

Frontiers in neurology·2025
Same author

pH-dependent dissociation from CTLA-4 in early endosomes improves both safety and antitumor activity of anti-CTLA-4 antibodies.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Defining Hsp33's Redox-regulated Chaperone Activity and Mapping Conformational Changes on Hsp33 Using Hydrogen-deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry
10:24

Defining Hsp33's Redox-regulated Chaperone Activity and Mapping Conformational Changes on Hsp33 Using Hydrogen-deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 7, 2018

Reactive oxygen species regulate autophagy through redox-sensitive proteases.

Zhihua Liu1, Michael J Lenardo

  • 1Laboratory of Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Building 10, Room 11N311, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1892, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. liuzhi@niaid.nih.gov

Developmental Cell
|April 11, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Starvation triggers autophagy, a cellular recycling process, via reactive oxygen species (ROS). These ROS act as crucial signaling molecules initiating this vital pathway during nutrient deprivation.

More Related Videos

Monitoring Stub1-Mediated Pexophagy
08:26

Monitoring Stub1-Mediated Pexophagy

Published on: May 12, 2023

Visualizing Mitophagy with Fluorescent Dyes for Mitochondria and Lysosome
07:56

Visualizing Mitophagy with Fluorescent Dyes for Mitochondria and Lysosome

Published on: November 30, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Defining Hsp33's Redox-regulated Chaperone Activity and Mapping Conformational Changes on Hsp33 Using Hydrogen-deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry
10:24

Defining Hsp33's Redox-regulated Chaperone Activity and Mapping Conformational Changes on Hsp33 Using Hydrogen-deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 7, 2018

Monitoring Stub1-Mediated Pexophagy
08:26

Monitoring Stub1-Mediated Pexophagy

Published on: May 12, 2023

Visualizing Mitophagy with Fluorescent Dyes for Mitochondria and Lysosome
07:56

Visualizing Mitophagy with Fluorescent Dyes for Mitochondria and Lysosome

Published on: November 30, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Autophagy is a fundamental cellular process for degrading and recycling damaged components.
  • The precise signaling mechanisms initiating autophagy, particularly during starvation, remain incompletely elucidated.
  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in various cellular processes, but their role in autophagy induction is under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mediating starvation-induced autophagy.
  • To identify the signaling molecules responsible for initiating the autophagic pathway under nutrient-deprived conditions.

Main Methods:

  • The study likely involved cell culture models subjected to starvation conditions.
  • Analysis of ROS production and signaling pathways during starvation.
  • Assessment of autophagy markers and initiation in response to ROS modulation.

Main Results:

  • Starvation leads to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) within cells.
  • These ROS function as critical signaling molecules that trigger the initiation of autophagy.
  • The findings identify a novel signaling role for ROS in the starvation response.

Conclusions:

  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential signaling molecules that initiate autophagy during starvation.
  • This study elucidates a key step in the starvation-induced autophagy pathway.
  • Understanding this pathway has implications for cellular stress responses and metabolic regulation.