Managing the polymerization shrinkage of resin composite restorations: a review

Polymerization shrinkage (PS) of resin composites almost invariably generates a degree of stress at the tooth/restoration interface. The magnitude of the stresses so produced depends on resin composite composition and its ability to flow before solidification, which is, in turn related to cavity configuration and curing characteristics of the composite. The purpose of the present article is to review the published literature on the management of PS, with special reference to those elements that are under the control of the dentist. Available data from laboratory, finite element analysis and review articles, relating to the methods and techniques that have been proposed for managing the problem of PS, are included. On the basis of the review, it may be concluded that PS has negative effects on the resin composite/tooth interface. The review identifies the preferred handling and/or management techniques that clinicians might employ to reduce the levels of PS that might affect the restorations they place, and consequently reduce its adverse effects.