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Genomic potential in mammals.

N L First1, R S Prather

  • 1Department of Meat and Animal Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.

Differentiation; Research in Biological Diversity
|September 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Nuclear transfer successfully multiplies embryos in various species, enabling the creation of genetically identical clonal lines for improved livestock breeding and trait selection.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Animal genetics

Background:

  • Nuclear transfer (NT) is a technique used in assisted reproduction.
  • Embryo multiplication via NT has been demonstrated across diverse species.
  • Large-scale multiplication is achievable through serial repetition of NT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of nuclear transfer for large-scale embryo multiplication.
  • To investigate the production of clonal lines for genetic improvement in livestock.
  • To assess the efficiency and applications of NT in various animal species.

Main Methods:

  • Nuclear transfer involving the transfer of blastomeres from late-stage embryos into enucleated oocytes.
  • Serial repetition of the nuclear transfer procedure using blastomeres from NT embryos.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilizing blastomeres from various embryonic stages, including 64-cell stage in cattle and 120-cell blastocysts in sheep.

    • Main Results:

    • Successful nuclear transfer and embryo multiplication achieved in amphibians, fish, sheep, cattle, swine, and rabbits.
    • Production of clonal lines demonstrated, allowing for the capture of both additive and nonadditive inheritance.
    • Low efficiency in mammals noted, concerning morula/blastocyst production and pregnancy maintenance.
    • Largest offspring count from a single embryo reported as eight calves in cattle.
    • Successful recloning demonstrated in cattle.

    Conclusions:

    • Nuclear transfer offers a powerful mechanism for multiplying and production testing clonal lines.
    • This technology facilitates rapid genetic improvement and propagation of selected genotypes in animal populations.
    • Despite efficiency challenges in mammals, NT holds significant potential for animal breeding and conservation efforts.