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Related Experiment Videos

Plants need their vitamins too.

Alison G Smith1, Martin T Croft, Michael Moulin

  • 1Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK. as25@cam.ac.uk

Current Opinion in Plant Biology
|April 17, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Plant vitamin biosynthesis involves unique mitochondrial roles and environmental regulation. Algae obtain vitamin B12 from bacteria, as vascular plants do not synthesize it.

Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Nutritional science

Background:

  • Plant vitamin biosynthesis pathways are increasingly understood at the molecular level.
  • Unique features in plant vitamin synthesis are emerging.
  • Mitochondria play a significant role in synthesizing several essential vitamins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular pathways of vitamin biosynthesis in plants.
  • To identify unique features and regulatory mechanisms involved in plant vitamin production.
  • To investigate the source of vitamin B12 in algae versus vascular plants.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular elucidation of biosynthetic pathways.
  • Analysis of gene regulation by developmental and environmental cues.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigating cofactor biosynthesis in plants and algae.

    • Main Results:

    • Mitochondria are crucial for synthesizing folate (B9), biotin (B7), pantothenate (B5), ascorbate (C), and possibly thiamin (B1).
    • Vitamin production is regulated by developmental and environmental signals (e.g., high light, salinity).
    • Thiamin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis may involve riboswitch regulation; algae acquire vitamin B12 from bacteria.

    Conclusions:

    • Plant vitamin biosynthesis is complex, involving mitochondria and environmental/developmental regulation.
    • Novel gene regulation mechanisms like riboswitches may be involved in thiamin synthesis.
    • Vitamin B12 acquisition differs significantly between algae and vascular plants.