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Temperature and cardiovascular deaths in the US elderly: changes over time
1School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Australia. a.barnett@uq.edu.au
Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
|April 17, 2007
Summary
Heat-related cardiovascular deaths in the elderly have significantly declined since 1987, likely due to air conditioning use. However, cold-related cardiovascular risks persist and remain constant over time.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Epidemiology
- Cardiovascular Disease
Background:
- Short-term temperature fluctuations are linked to cardiovascular mortality.
- This study investigates temporal trends in temperature-cardiovascular death associations among US elderly.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze how the relationship between daily temperature changes and cardiovascular deaths has evolved over time in the US elderly population.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the case-crossover method to analyze daily cardiovascular mortality data from 107 US cities.
- Employed meta-analysis to average estimates across different time periods and seasons.
Main Results:
- In summer 1987, a 10°F temperature increase correlated with a 4.7% rise in cardiovascular deaths.
- By summer 2000, this association reversed, showing a slight decrease (-0.4%).
- Temperature increases in fall, winter, and spring consistently showed a decrease in deaths, a trend stable over time.
Conclusions:
- Heat-related cardiovascular mortality in the elderly has decreased, possibly due to increased air conditioning adoption.
- Persistent risks associated with cold temperatures and cardiovascular events remain unchanged.
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