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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Impairing Effect of Emotion on Cognition

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Published on: February 1, 2012

Do mood disorders alter crying? A pilot investigation.

Jonathan Rottenberg¹, Annemarie Cevaal, Ad J J M Vingerhoets

¹Mood and Emotion Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620-7200, USA. jrottenb@cas.usf.edu

Depression and Anxiety

|April 18, 2007

Summary

Mood disorders increase crying in response to negative emotions, but not positive ones. Crying may offer less mood improvement for patients, with males showing a stronger link between depression and crying frequency.

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Psychiatry
Emotional Regulation

Background:

Clinical interpretation often links crying to depressed mood.
Empirical evidence for mood disorders altering crying behavior is limited.
Existing research on mood disorders and crying is surprisingly weak.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare crying behavior in mood-disordered patients versus a non-psychiatric reference group.
To investigate the frequency, antecedents, and consequences of crying in mood pathology.
To examine the relationship between depression severity and crying patterns.

Main Methods:

Utilized the Adult Crying Inventory, a validated questionnaire.
Compared 44 outpatients with mood pathology to 132 matched controls.
Collected data on depression severity and psychiatric symptoms.

Main Results:

Mood pathology patients showed increased cry proneness to negative antecedents.
No difference in cry proneness to positive antecedents between patients and controls.
Patients reported less mood improvement post-crying compared to controls.
Male patients' depression severity correlated with increased crying proneness and frequency.

Conclusions:

Mood disorders appear to increase negative emotional crying frequency.
Mood disorders may alter the functional outcomes of crying.
The impact of mood disorders on crying may be more pronounced in males than females.