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Related Concept Videos

Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management01:19

Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management

The nursing management of Mitral Valve Prolapse, or MVP, centers around patient education, symptom monitoring, and lifestyle modifications.Patient Education on MVP Diagnosis and Heredity: Nurses should provide comprehensive education about MVP, a condition where the mitral valve does not close appropriately during heartbeats. This education often includes the condition's pathophysiology, symptoms, and potential complications, like arrhythmias or mitral regurgitation. Though not fully...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

[Prematurity in multiple pregnancies].

Elisabeth Krampl1, Katharina Klein

  • 1Medizinische Universität Wien, Universitätsklinik fur Frauenheilkunde, Wien, Osterreich. elisabeth.krampl@meduniwien.ac.at

Gynakologisch-Geburtshilfliche Rundschau
|April 19, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Twin pregnancies significantly increase the risk of preterm birth, especially monochorial twins. While progesterone effectively reduces preterm delivery in singleton pregnancies, its impact on twins remains unproven.

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Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

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Published on: January 7, 2018

Modeling Ascending Vaginal Infection, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Morbidity in Mice
04:18

Modeling Ascending Vaginal Infection, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Morbidity in Mice

Published on: October 10, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Perinatology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Context:

  • Twin pregnancies constitute 1.5% of all pregnancies but contribute to 25% of premature births.
  • Monochorial twins face higher risks of preterm birth (9% vs. 5.5%), intrauterine growth restriction, and perinatal mortality compared to dichorial twins.

Purpose:

  • To review the current understanding of preterm birth risks in twin pregnancies.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of interventions for preventing preterm birth in multiple gestations.

Summary:

  • Chorionicity is a key factor in preterm birth risk for twins.
  • Tocolysis with oxytocin antagonists is recommended for imminent preterm labor until fetal lung maturity.
  • Prophylactic bed rest, home uterine activity monitoring, and cervical cerclage have not demonstrated improved outcomes; progesterone's efficacy in twin pregnancies is yet to be established.

Impact:

  • Highlights the increased risks associated with twin pregnancies, particularly monochorial types.
  • Informs clinical practice regarding interventions for preterm labor in twins.
  • Identifies areas for future research, specifically the role of progesterone in preventing preterm birth in multiple gestations.