Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 15, 2026
10:44
Preparation of Biomass-based Mesoporous Carbon with Higher Nitrogen-/Oxygen-chelating Adsorption for Cu(II) Through Microwave Pre-Pyrolysis
Published on: February 12, 2019
Nanocrystalline CaO as adsorbent to remove COD from paper mill effluent
1Department of Chemistry, Central College Bangalore University, Bangalore 560001, India.
Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
|April 25, 2007
Summary
Porous calcium oxide (CaO) nanoparticles were synthesized for wastewater treatment. This novel CaO adsorbent effectively removed 93% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) from pulp and paper mill effluent.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Environmental Chemistry
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Pulp and paper mill effluent poses environmental challenges due to high chemical oxygen demand (COD).
- Development of efficient and cost-effective adsorbents is crucial for wastewater remediation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize porous nanocrystalline calcium oxide (CaO) via solution combustion.
- To evaluate the efficacy of synthesized CaO as an adsorbent for COD removal from industrial wastewater.
Main Methods:
- Solution combustion synthesis using calcium nitrate and glycine.
- Characterization by Powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), BET surface area analysis, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
- Batch adsorption experiments using pulp and paper mill effluent.
Main Results:
- Successfully synthesized porous nanocrystalline CaO with particle size of 37-53 nm.
- Characterization confirmed crystallinity, phase purity, and spherical morphology.
- Achieved a high specific surface area of 18.5 m²/g and an average pore diameter of 5.2 nm.
- Demonstrated excellent COD removal capacity of approximately 93% from pulp and paper mill effluent.
Conclusions:
- Solution combustion is an effective method for producing porous CaO nanoparticles.
- Synthesized CaO exhibits significant potential as a high-performance adsorbent for industrial wastewater treatment.
- The developed CaO adsorbent offers a promising solution for reducing COD in effluent from pulp and paper mills.
Related Concept Videos
04:01Factors Affecting Solubility
Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
01:08Sample Preparation for Analysis: Advanced Techniques
Accurate analysis of complex samples often requires advanced preparation techniques to achieve reliable and reproducible results. Samples containing inorganic or organic materials can be challenging to dissolve or decompose effectively. Standard sample preparation methods include acid digestion, fusion, dry ashing, and wet digestion.
Acid digestion with strong acids is commonly used to dissolve inorganic materials that are insoluble (do not dissolve) in water. This method can be useful for...
Acid digestion with strong acids is commonly used to dissolve inorganic materials that are insoluble (do not dissolve) in water. This method can be useful for...
00:53Filtration
Filtration is a physical separation process that involves passing a suspension through a porous medium to separate solids from fluids. During filtration, solids collect on the porous medium while liquids, also collectively known as the filtrate, pass through. The filtration medium is selected based on the filtration purpose, quantity, and nature of the precipitate. The general criteria for a suitable filtering medium are that it is inert, mechanically strong, nonabsorbent toward dissolved...
00:52Washing, Drying, and Ignition of Precipitates
After filtration, the precipitate is washed to remove coprecipitated impurities and any remaining mother liquor. Colloidal precipitates, such as silver chloride, are washed with an electrolyte (such as dilute nitric acid) to prevent the peptization of the precipitate. In the case of slightly soluble precipitates, the wash solution contains a common ion to reduce solubility. Lead sulfate, which is slightly soluble in water, is washed with dilute sulfuric acid. Similarly, wash solutions may be...
01:06Coagulation
Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...