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Iron dependent degradation of an isothiazolone biocide (5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one)

Y Tanji1, T Nishihara, K Miyanaga

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan. ytanji@bio.titech.ac.jp

Biofouling
|April 25, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Iron significantly degrades the biocide 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMI). This iron-dependent CMI degradation produces chloride and occurs rapidly in cooling water systems, aiding biocide optimization.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental chemistry
  • Industrial microbiology

Background:

  • Isothiazolone biocides, such as 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMI), are widely used in industrial water systems.
  • Understanding the degradation pathways of biocides is crucial for effective application and preventing microbial resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the physico-chemical degradation of the biocide CMI.
  • To determine the influence of iron and other factors on CMI degradation.
  • To assess CMI degradation in an operational cooling water system.

Main Methods:

  • Studying the degradation of CMI in the presence of iron under various conditions.
  • Monitoring chloride production as an indicator of CMI degradation.
  • Observing CMI concentration changes in an operating cooling water plant.

Main Results:

  • Iron was found to be a key factor in the degradation of CMI, with stoichiometric chloride production observed.
  • Copper and stainless steel did not enhance CMI degradation, while phosphate inhibited the iron-dependent process.
  • Neither aerobic nor anaerobic conditions affected the iron-dependent degradation of CMI.
  • Rapid CMI disappearance was documented in an operational cooling water system, decreasing from 1.4 mg/l to below 0.1 mg/l within 2 days.

Conclusions:

  • Iron-dependent degradation is a significant pathway for CMI breakdown.
  • The findings are vital for optimizing CMI usage in industrial applications.
  • Understanding degradation mechanisms can help in managing and combating potential biocide resistance.

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