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Phosphate concentrations in antiglaucoma medication.

W Bernauer1, M A Thiel, K M Rentsch

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland. wolfgang.bernauer@hin.ch

Klinische Monatsblatter Fur Augenheilkunde
|April 27, 2007
PubMed
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Many antiglaucoma eye drops contain high phosphate levels, potentially causing corneal calcification. Some beta-blocker formulations have particularly concerning concentrations, necessitating caution with damaged corneas.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pharmaceutics
  • Corneal Physiology

Background:

  • Phosphate buffers in eye drops can lead to corneal calcification in cases of epithelial keratopathy.
  • European regulations do not mandate phosphate declaration in eye drops, classifying them as additives.
  • Understanding phosphate levels in antiglaucoma medications is crucial for preventing ocular complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify phosphate concentrations in commercially available antiglaucoma eye drops.
  • To assess the risk of corneal calcification associated with these formulations.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 21 antiglaucoma eye drop samples.
  • Phosphate quantification using the molybdate method on a Modular P autoanalyzer.

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Main Results:

  • 47% of tested antiglaucoma drops exceeded physiological phosphate levels (> 1.45 mmol/L).
  • Four preparations containing timolol showed phosphate concentrations above 100 mmol/L.
  • Elevated phosphate levels were identified in numerous glaucoma medications.

Conclusions:

  • Many antiglaucoma eye drops contain unphysiological phosphate concentrations.
  • Certain beta-blockers exhibit particularly high phosphate levels, posing a risk.
  • These high-phosphate preparations may promote calcium phosphate deposition on damaged corneas and should be used cautiously.