Central neurocytoma. A clinico-pathologic study of five cases

Area of Science:

• Neuro-oncology
• Neuropathology
• Neurosurgery

Background:

• Central neurocytomas are rare, intraventricular tumors typically found in young adults.
• These tumors often occur in the anterior lateral ventricles or third ventricle, involving adjacent structures like the septum pellucidum and fornix.
• Histological features can resemble oligodendrogliomas or ependymomas, necessitating advanced diagnostic techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical features of central neurocytomas.
• To evaluate the diagnostic utility of immunohistochemistry in identifying central neurocytomas.
• To assess the treatment outcomes and prognosis of patients with central neurocytomas.

Main Methods:

• Case series describing five patients with central neurocytomas.
• Histopathological examination of tumor tissue.
• Immunohistochemical analysis including protein cell nuclear antigen, neuron-specific enolase, and synaptophysin.

Main Results:

• Tumors occurred in young patients (mean age 27 years) located in the anterior ventricles.
• Histology showed uniform cells resembling oligodendroglioma or ependymoma.
• Immunohistochemistry confirmed neuronal differentiation, with positivity for neuron-specific enolase and synaptophysin in most cases.
• Four out of five patients had a good prognosis with long-term survival after subtotal or total resection.

Conclusions:

• Central neurocytomas are benign intraventricular tumors with a favorable prognosis.
• Immunohistochemistry, particularly using neuron-specific enolase and synaptophysin, is essential for accurate diagnosis.
• Early recognition and appropriate management contribute to long-term patient survival.