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Acid-base disorders and strong ion gap.

John A Kellum1

  • 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15216, USA. kellumja@upmc.edu

Contributions to Nephrology
|April 28, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Quantitative physical chemical techniques reveal insights into metabolic acid-base disorders. The strong ion gap in critically ill patients is common and linked to higher mortality, particularly when detected early.

Area of Science:

  • Clinical chemistry
  • Critical care medicine
  • Physical chemistry

Background:

  • Metabolic acid-base disorders are significant in critical care.
  • Quantitative physical chemical techniques offer new insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the nature and clinical significance of metabolic acid-base disorders using modern quantitative physical chemical techniques.
  • To investigate the prevalence and impact of the strong ion gap in critically ill patients.

Main Methods:

  • Application of quantitative physical chemical techniques.
  • Analysis of clinical data from critically ill patients.

Main Results:

  • Abnormalities identified by the strong ion gap are common in critically ill patients.

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  • The strong ion gap is associated with increased mortality, especially when identified early.
  • The precise chemical nature of ions contributing to the strong ion gap remains unclear.
  • Conclusions:

    • Quantitative physical chemical methods provide valuable information on metabolic acid-base disorders.
    • The strong ion gap is a clinically significant finding in critically ill patients.
    • Further research is required to fully elucidate the strong ion gap.