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Colloidal precipitates

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...

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Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...

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Coagulation

Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Glass Wool Filters for Concentrating Waterborne Viruses and Agricultural Zoonotic Pathogens

Glass Wool Filters for Concentrating Waterborne Viruses and Agricultural Zoonotic Pathogens

Published on: March 3, 2012

Neutralizing viruses in suspensions by copper oxide-based filters.

Gadi Borkow¹, Robert W Sidwell, Donald F Smee

¹Ruth Ben-Ari Institute of Clinical Immunology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot 76100, Israel. gadi@cupron.com

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

|May 2, 2007

Summary

Copper oxide filters effectively reduce infectious virus levels in liquid. These filters show potential for deactivating a broad range of viruses in suspensions.

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A Small Volume Procedure for Viral Concentration from Water

A Small Volume Procedure for Viral Concentration from Water

Published on: February 3, 2015

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Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Glass Wool Filters for Concentrating Waterborne Viruses and Agricultural Zoonotic Pathogens

Glass Wool Filters for Concentrating Waterborne Viruses and Agricultural Zoonotic Pathogens

Published on: March 3, 2012

A Small Volume Procedure for Viral Concentration from Water

A Small Volume Procedure for Viral Concentration from Water

Published on: February 3, 2015

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Virology
Environmental Engineering

Background:

Viruses in filterable suspensions pose public health risks.
Developing effective antiviral filtration technologies is crucial for public health.
Copper oxide materials are being explored for various antimicrobial applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of copper oxide-containing filters in reducing infectious virus titers.
To determine if copper oxide filters can deactivate a wide spectrum of viruses.

Main Methods:

Viruses (enveloped, nonenveloped, RNA, DNA) were spiked into culture media.
The capacity of copper oxide-containing filters to reduce infectious titers was assessed.
Infectious titers were measured before and after filtration.

Main Results:

Copper oxide-containing filters significantly reduced infectious titers of tested viruses.
Both enveloped and nonenveloped viruses, including RNA and DNA types, were affected.
The filters demonstrated broad-spectrum antiviral activity.

Conclusions:

Copper oxide-containing filters show promise for reducing infectious virus loads.
These filters may be useful for deactivating a wide range of viruses in suspensions.
Further development of copper oxide devices for viral inactivation is warranted.