Trauma as an etiologic factor of primary bone lymphoma: a report of 4 cases

Primary bone lymphoma (PBL) is a rare entity. Nevertheless, very high long-term complete remission and survival rates following adriamycin-based chemotherapy alone or combined with involved-field radiation therapy have been reported. While the etiology is unknown, factors comprising local or general immunocompromised states have been suggested. Sporadic cases of local trauma followed by the emergence of primary bone lymphoma have been described. We describe 4 patients who developed primary bone lymphoma following direct trauma to a specific bone area. All 4 are alive with no evidence of disease after being treated with a combined chemo-radiotherapy regimen.