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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

In Vitro Microfluidic Disease Model to Study Whole Blood-Endothelial Interactions and Blood Clot Dynamics in Real-Time

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HIV disease in thrombocardiology.

Rasih Atilla Ener¹, Jason Palermo, Brian O'Murchu

¹Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA. enerra@temple.edu

The Journal of Invasive Cardiology

|May 4, 2007

Summary

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and protease inhibitor therapy are linked to cardiovascular issues. This case highlights a rare instance of stent thrombosis in an HIV patient due to acquired hypercoagulability from therapy.

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Published on: January 12, 2016

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Medicine
Infectious Diseases
Pharmacology

Background:

HIV infection impacts multiple organ systems, including the cardiovascular system.
Antiretroviral therapy, particularly protease inhibitors, is associated with cardiovascular risks like premature coronary artery disease and hypercoagulability.
Previous studies noted cardiovascular abnormalities in HIV patients, but stent thrombosis secondary to therapy-induced hypercoagulability is rare.

Purpose of the Study:

To report a unique case of stent thrombosis in an HIV patient on protease inhibitor therapy.
To discuss potential predictors of stent thrombosis and hypercoagulability in this context.
To review the existing literature on cardiovascular complications in HIV patients undergoing protease inhibitor therapy.

Main Methods:

Case report of a patient with HIV on protease inhibitor therapy presenting with non-Q-wave myocardial infarction.
Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed, followed by the development of stent thrombosis.
Literature review to identify similar cases and discuss potential mechanisms.

Main Results:

The patient experienced stent thrombosis after percutaneous coronary intervention.
This represents the first reported case of stent thrombosis attributed to acquired hypercoagulability induced by protease inhibitor therapy in HIV patients.
The study discusses potential contributing factors and predictors for stent thrombosis and hypercoagulability.

Conclusions:

Protease inhibitor therapy in HIV patients may lead to acquired hypercoagulability, increasing the risk of stent thrombosis.
Further research is needed to identify predictors and develop strategies to mitigate cardiovascular risks associated with HIV treatment.
This case underscores the importance of monitoring cardiovascular health in patients with HIV, especially those on protease inhibitor regimens.