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HIV disease in thrombocardiology

Rasih Atilla Ener1, Jason Palermo, Brian O'Murchu

  • 1Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA. enerra@temple.edu

The Journal of Invasive Cardiology
|May 4, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and protease inhibitor therapy are linked to cardiovascular issues. This case highlights a rare instance of stent thrombosis in an HIV patient due to acquired hypercoagulability from therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • HIV infection impacts multiple organ systems, including the cardiovascular system.
  • Antiretroviral therapy, particularly protease inhibitors, is associated with cardiovascular risks like premature coronary artery disease and hypercoagulability.
  • Previous studies noted cardiovascular abnormalities in HIV patients, but stent thrombosis secondary to therapy-induced hypercoagulability is rare.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a unique case of stent thrombosis in an HIV patient on protease inhibitor therapy.
  • To discuss potential predictors of stent thrombosis and hypercoagulability in this context.
  • To review the existing literature on cardiovascular complications in HIV patients undergoing protease inhibitor therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a patient with HIV on protease inhibitor therapy presenting with non-Q-wave myocardial infarction.
  • Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed, followed by the development of stent thrombosis.
  • Literature review to identify similar cases and discuss potential mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • The patient experienced stent thrombosis after percutaneous coronary intervention.
  • This represents the first reported case of stent thrombosis attributed to acquired hypercoagulability induced by protease inhibitor therapy in HIV patients.
  • The study discusses potential contributing factors and predictors for stent thrombosis and hypercoagulability.

Conclusions:

  • Protease inhibitor therapy in HIV patients may lead to acquired hypercoagulability, increasing the risk of stent thrombosis.
  • Further research is needed to identify predictors and develop strategies to mitigate cardiovascular risks associated with HIV treatment.
  • This case underscores the importance of monitoring cardiovascular health in patients with HIV, especially those on protease inhibitor regimens.

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