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Carbohydrate effect: hormone and oxidative changes.

S McAnulty1, L McAnulty, D Nieman

  • 1Health, Leisure, and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina, United States. mcanltysr@appstate.edu

International Journal of Sports Medicine
|May 15, 2007
PubMed
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Consuming carbohydrates during exercise reduces stress hormones and oxidative stress. This study found that carbohydrate intake lowered F (2)-isoprostanes and stress hormones like cortisol and epinephrine.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Sports Nutrition

Background:

  • Exercise increases stress hormone release.
  • The link between stress hormones and oxidative stress during exercise is not well understood.
  • Carbohydrate intake during exercise can modulate hormonal responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on oxidative stress markers during prolonged cycling.
  • To examine the relationship between stress hormones and oxidative stress during exercise.
  • To determine if carbohydrate administration influences F (2)-isoprostanes, a marker of lipid peroxidation.

Main Methods:

  • Randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study with 15 participants.
  • Participants cycled for 2.5 hours at approximately 75% VO2peak, ingesting either 6% carbohydrate or placebo.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Blood and skeletal muscle samples were collected pre-exercise, post-exercise, and 12-h post-exercise for analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Carbohydrate ingestion significantly increased glucose, insulin, and plasma antioxidant capacity (ferric reducing ability of plasma).
    • Carbohydrate intake significantly lowered F (2)-isoprostanes, cortisol, and epinephrine levels compared to placebo.
    • Muscle glycogen depletion did not differ between the carbohydrate and placebo conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • Carbohydrate administration during exercise attenuates the release of stress hormones.
    • Carbohydrate ingestion during exercise reduces exercise-induced oxidative stress.
    • Stress hormones appear to play a role in mediating oxidative stress during exercise.