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Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

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Published on: March 30, 2017

Criterion for bosonic superfluidity in an optical lattice.

Roberto B Diener¹, Qi Zhou, Hui Zhai

¹Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.

Physical Review Letters

|May 16, 2007

Summary

A sharp bosonic momentum distribution (n(k)) may not indicate superfluidity. True superfluidity detection requires visibility (v) to approach 1, revealing normal states for quantum critical region physics.

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Area of Science:

Quantum physics
Atomic physics
Condensed matter physics

Background:

Superfluidity in Bose-Einstein condensates is typically identified by a sharp bosonic momentum distribution, n(k).
Existing methods may misinterpret normal Bose gas states as superfluid due to similar n(k) characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

To critically evaluate the reliability of using a sharp bosonic momentum distribution n(k) for detecting superfluidity.
To establish a more robust criterion for identifying superfluidity in optical lattices.
To investigate the behavior of trapped lattice bosons and their relation to temperature effects and quantum criticality.

Main Methods:

Analysis of bosonic momentum distribution n(k) and its visibility (v).
Theoretical examination of superfluidity criteria in homogeneous and trapped Bose gases.
Comparison of theoretical predictions with experimental observations.

Main Results:

A sharp n(k) alone is an insufficient indicator of superfluidity, as normal Bose gases can exhibit similar distributions.
Superfluidity in homogeneous systems is reliably detected when visibility (v) approaches 1 (within O(N(-2/3))).
The T=0 visibility of trapped lattice bosons is significantly higher than currently reported in experiments, indicating substantial temperature effects and the presence of normal states.

Conclusions:

The standard method for detecting superfluidity in optical lattices is potentially misleading.
A visibility criterion (v approaching 1) provides a more accurate detection of superfluidity.
Observed high visibility in trapped bosons suggests normal states that are crucial for exploring quantum critical phenomena.