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Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Comprehensive & Cost Effective Laboratory Monitoring of HIV/AIDS: an African Role Model
Published on: October 31, 2010
Clinical care of the HIV-infected drug user
R Douglas Bruce1, Frederick L Altice
1Yale University AIDS Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Abstract:
HIV/AIDS and chemical dependency, the latter often intertwined with mental illness, are complex, overlapping spheres that adversely influence each other and the overall clinical outcomes of the affected individual. Each disorder individually impact tens of millions of people adversely, with explosive epidemics described worldwide. This article addresses the adverse consequences of HIV/AIDS, drug injection, the secondary comorbidities of both, and the impact of immunosuppression on presentation of disease as well as approaches to managing the HIV-infected drug user.
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