[Cutaneous adverse reaction to Bio-Alcamid implant]

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Plastic Surgery
• Biomaterials Science

Background:

• Bio-Alcamid, a poly-alkyl-imide based non-absorbable gel filler, has been used for cosmetic defect correction.
• While generally considered safe, potential adverse reactions to permanent fillers require ongoing investigation.

Observation:

• A 34-year-old woman developed nodular lesions and a painful inflammatory nodule months after Bio-Alcamid implantation for acne scars.
• Purulent material from the nodule culture identified Streptococcus viridans.
• Cytology revealed a granulomatous inflammatory reaction and foreign body presence.

Findings:

• The case highlights a delayed inflammatory and infectious complication associated with Bio-Alcamid implants.
• Streptococcus viridans infection in conjunction with a foreign body reaction indicates a complex response to the filler material.

Implications:

• Understanding the diverse reactions to permanent fillers like Bio-Alcamid is essential due to their increasing use.
• Awareness of potential complications, including infection and inflammation, is critical for clinicians to manage patients effectively.
• Potential medico-legal implications necessitate thorough patient counseling and monitoring following cosmetic filler procedures.