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Human nutrition and genetic variation.

Patrick J Stover1

  • 1Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell Uniersity, 315 Savage Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. pjs13@cornell.edu

Food and Nutrition Bulletin
|May 25, 2007
PubMed
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Human genetic variation influences how our bodies use nutrients and affects dietary needs. Understanding these genetic differences can lead to personalized nutrition for better health and disease prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Nutrigenomics
  • Human Genetics
  • Personalized Nutrition

Background:

  • Human genetic variation significantly impacts nutrient efficacy, tolerances, and nutrient intake values (NIVs).
  • Genetic makeup influences nutrient utilization, while nutrients can modify genome expression and stability.
  • Individual genetic differences have implications for physiological and pathological outcomes, manageable through diet.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how human genetic variation affects nutrient requirements and intake.
  • To highlight the potential of genomic technologies in establishing personalized nutrient intake values.
  • To understand the interplay between genes, nutrients, and environmental factors for disease prevention and health promotion.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current knowledge on human genetic variation and nutrient interactions.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of the reciprocal relationship between genomes and nutrient metabolism.
  • Consideration of gene variant penetrance and population prevalence in determining nutritional relevance.

    • Main Results:

    • Genetic variations can predict individual responses to nutrients, influencing efficacy and tolerance.
    • Genomic insights enable the development of genotype-specific nutritional strategies.
    • Few gene variants are expected to significantly alter average requirement (AR) values compared to environmental factors.

    Conclusions:

    • Personalized nutritional regimens based on genetic profiles can prevent disease and promote wellness.
    • Genomic technologies may offer new criteria for setting nutrient intake values (NIVs).
    • The prevalence and penetrance of gene variants will dictate the need for subgroup-specific nutrient recommendations (ARs/ULs).