Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Synesthesia01:27

Synesthesia

Synesthesia is a remarkable condition where stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in a second sensory or cognitive pathway. People with synesthesia experience a blending or crossing of their senses, such as sight and sound, leading to cross-modal sensations. In this condition, the stimulation of one sense, such as hearing a number or musical note, triggers an experience of another sense, like sensing a specific color, taste, or smell. People...
Electrical Synapses01:28

Electrical Synapses

Electrical synapses found in all nervous systems play important and unique roles. In these synapses, the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are very close together (3.5 nm) and are actually physically connected by channel proteins forming gap junctions.
Gap junctions allow the current to pass directly from one cell to the next. In contrast, in the chemical synapse, the neurotransmitters carry the information through the synaptic cleft from one neuron to the next. They consist of two...
Overview of Synapses01:25

Overview of Synapses

A synapse is a specialized structure where two neurons connect, allowing them to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron. It is the point of communication between neurons. The term "synapse" is derived from the Greek word "synapsis," which means "conjunction." The entire process of neural communication revolves around the synapse. When activated, a neuron releases chemicals known as neurotransmitters into the synapse. These neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind to...
The Synapse02:47

The Synapse

Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.
Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Nonsymbolic ratio and fraction magnitude processing predict fraction knowledge in early grades.

Developmental psychology·2026
Same author

Tracking fraction knowledge development using grade-appropriate assessments.

Journal of experimental child psychology·2026
Same author

Developmental Changes in Nonsymbolic and Symbolic Fractions Processing: A Cross-Sectional fMRI Study.

Developmental science·2025
Same author

Ratio-based perceptual foundations for rational numbers, and perhaps whole numbers, too?

The Behavioral and brain sciences·2021
Same author

Math anxiety differentially impairs symbolic, but not nonsymbolic, fraction skills across development.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·2021
Same author

Taking the Relational Structure of Fractions Seriously: Relational Reasoning Predicts Fraction Knowledge in Elementary School Children.

Contemporary educational psychology·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color
10:27

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color

Published on: February 20, 2014

Neurophysiology of synesthesia.

Edward M Hubbard1

  • 1INSERM Unité 562-Neuroimagerie Cognitive, CEA/SAC/DSV/DRM/NEUROSPIN, Bât 145, Point courrier 156, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France. edhubbard@gmail.com

Current Psychiatry Reports
|May 25, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Synesthesia, a neurological phenomenon where one sense triggers another, may involve unusual brain activity in color areas and parietal cortex. This review explores its neural basis and implications.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Synesthesia involves concurrent experiences in different sensory or cognitive streams.
  • Despite its prevalence (1 in 23), synesthesia is not formally classified as a disorder.
  • It may be reported alongside other psychiatric symptoms due to its frequency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent research on the neural underpinnings of synesthesia.
  • To focus on grapheme-color and tone-color synesthesia.
  • To discuss implications for future research and other synesthetic forms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on synesthesia.
  • Analysis of studies investigating neural mechanisms.
  • Focus on neuroimaging and cognitive models.

More Related Videos

Presynaptically Silent Synapses Studied with Light Microscopy
11:02

Presynaptically Silent Synapses Studied with Light Microscopy

Published on: January 4, 2010

Electrophysiological Investigations of Retinogeniculate and Corticogeniculate Synapse Function
09:09

Electrophysiological Investigations of Retinogeniculate and Corticogeniculate Synapse Function

Published on: August 7, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color
10:27

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color

Published on: February 20, 2014

Presynaptically Silent Synapses Studied with Light Microscopy
11:02

Presynaptically Silent Synapses Studied with Light Microscopy

Published on: January 4, 2010

Electrophysiological Investigations of Retinogeniculate and Corticogeniculate Synapse Function
09:09

Electrophysiological Investigations of Retinogeniculate and Corticogeniculate Synapse Function

Published on: August 7, 2019

Main Results:

  • Synesthesia may result from anomalous activation in color-selective brain regions.
  • Parietal cortex hyperbinding might play a role in synesthetic experiences.
  • Evidence points to specific neural pathways for grapheme-color and tone-color synesthesia.

Conclusions:

  • Synesthesia is characterized by specific neural activation patterns.
  • Further research is needed to understand its diverse manifestations.
  • Models of synesthesia have implications for understanding sensory integration in the brain.