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Hair Cells

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Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Published on: January 25, 2016

Hydrocodone use and sensorineural hearing loss.

Tang Ho¹, Jeffrey T Vrabec, Allen W Burton

¹Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

|May 26, 2007

Summary

Chronic hydrocodone use may cause progressive hearing loss. Cochlear implantation offers successful auditory rehabilitation for affected patients, highlighting the need for further research into contributing factors.

Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Neuroscience
Pharmacology

Background:

Hydrocodone/acetaminophen is a widely used analgesic.
Previous reports suggest a link between hydrocodone abuse and hearing loss.
This study investigates the clinical features of patients with hearing loss and hydrocodone use.

Observation:

Five patients with rapidly progressive bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and hydrocodone use were studied.
Hearing loss was asymmetric initially but rapidly progressed to profound levels.
No vestibular symptoms were reported, and steroid treatment was ineffective.

Findings:

Hydrocodone consumption varied from 10 to 300 mg daily.
Hepatitis C was a common comorbidity (60%).

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Cochlear Implant Surgery and Electrically-evoked Auditory Brainstem Response Recordings in C57BL/6 Mice

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The Mouse Round-window Approach for Ototoxic Agent Delivery: A Rapid and Reliable Technique for Inducing Cochlear Cell Degeneration

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Cochlear Implant Surgery and Electrically-evoked Auditory Brainstem Response Recordings in C57BL/6 Mice

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Published on: January 9, 2019

All patients achieved satisfactory results after cochlear implantation.

Implications:

Chronic hydrocodone use may lead to progressive sensorineural hearing loss.
Cochlear implantation is an effective treatment for hydrocodone-induced ototoxicity.
Genetic factors and comorbidities like hepatitis C may influence ototoxicity, warranting further investigation.