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Related Concept Videos

Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or basic...
Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling01:11

Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling

The reaction of weakly electrophilic aryldiazonium (also called arenediazonium) salts with highly activated aromatic compounds leads to the formation of products with an —N=N— link, called an azo linkage. This reaction, presented in Figure 1, is known as diazo coupling and occurs without the loss of the nitrogen atoms of the aryldiazonium salt. Highly activated aromatic compounds such as phenols or arylamines favor the diazo coupling reaction. The coupling generally occurs at the para position.

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Related Experiment Video

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Enhanced Photoluminescence of Curcuma longa Extracts via Chitosan-Mediated Energy Transfer for Textile Authentication Applications
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Chitosan derivatives as biosorbents for basic dyes.

Nikolaos K Lazaridis1, George Z Kyzas, Alexandros A Vassiliou

  • 1Division of Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece. nlazarid@chem.auth.gr

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|May 29, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Modified chitosan biosorbents effectively remove basic dyes. Grafted chitosan derivatives show enhanced adsorption capacity and regeneration, offering a sustainable solution for dye wastewater treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Wastewater contamination by basic dyes poses environmental challenges.
  • Chitosan is a promising biopolymer for developing effective biosorbents.
  • Modification of chitosan can enhance its adsorption properties for pollutants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize chitosan derivatives as biosorbents for basic dyes.
  • To evaluate the adsorption performance of modified chitosan for Remacryl Red TGL.
  • To investigate the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the dye adsorption process.

Main Methods:

  • Grafting poly(acrylic acid) and poly(acrylamide) onto chitosan via free radical polymerization.
  • Covalent cross-linking of the prepared chitosan derivatives.
  • Equilibrium sorption experiments at varying pH and dye concentrations.
  • Adsorption isotherm modeling (Langmuir, Freundlich, pH-dependent Langmuir-Freundlich).
  • Thermodynamic and kinetic analysis of the adsorption process.

Main Results:

  • Grafting significantly enhanced the adsorption capacity of chitosan derivatives.
  • Powdered cross-linked chitosan grafted with acrylic acid achieved a maximum adsorption capacity of 1.068 mmol/g.
  • Adsorption process followed Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, indicating chemisorption.
  • Negative free energy values confirmed the spontaneous nature of adsorption.
  • Modified biosorbents demonstrated effective regeneration capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • Chitosan derivatives, particularly acrylic acid-grafted chitosan, are highly effective biosorbents for basic dyes.
  • The grafting and cross-linking modifications substantially improve dye uptake and adsorption rates.
  • These modified biosorbents offer a sustainable and regenerative solution for dye removal from wastewater.