Cutis verticis gyrata: three cases with different aetiologies that demonstrate the classification system

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Genetics
• Pediatrics

Background:

• Cutis verticis gyrata (CVG) is a rare scalp condition characterized by prominent folds and furrows.
• Understanding CVG's varied presentations is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
• This condition can be primary (non-essential) or secondary to other disorders.

Observation:

• Case 1: An 11-year-old girl with mental retardation presented with the primary non-essential acquired form of CVG.
• Case 2: A neonate with Noonan syndrome exhibited the primary non-essential congenital form of CVG, a rare association.
• Case 3: A 27-year-old man with discoid eczema demonstrated secondary CVG.

Findings:

• The three cases illustrate the classification of CVG into primary acquired, primary congenital, and secondary forms.
• Highlights a rare association between CVG and Noonan syndrome.
• Demonstrates CVG as a potential indicator of underlying systemic conditions.

Implications:

• Emphasizes the importance of recognizing diverse CVG presentations for timely diagnosis.
• Suggests genetic and dermatological evaluations for patients with CVG, especially in congenital or syndromic cases.
• Underscores the need for further research into the etiology and management of secondary CVG.