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Use of decision rules for osteoporosis prevention and treatment: implications for nurse practitioners
Michael Anders1, Lori Turner, Lorraine Silver Wallace
1College of Health Related Professions, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
Purpose:
To describe the current literature regarding the benefits of bone mineral density (BMD) screening and to discuss clinical decision rules for BMD screening.
Data Sources:
Extensive review of the scientific literature regarding osteoporosis, BMD screening, and current clinical decision rules.
Conclusions:
Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by deterioration of bone and increased susceptibility to fractures, crippling, and disfigurement. BMD testing is the best predictor for osteoporosis and associated fractures; however, routine global BMD testing is cost-prohibitive. A need exists for a selective and practical clinical decision rule for referral for testing.
Implications For Practice:
Several effective clinical decision rules are presented, and their uses and applications are described. The osteoporosis self-assessment tool is recommended by the authors because of its predictive power and ease of use.
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