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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Primary Endodermal Epithelial Cell Culture from the Yolk Sac Membrane of Japanese Quail Embryos
11:53

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Fasting-induced changes in ECL cell gene expression.

Nils W G Lambrecht1, Iskandar Yakubov, George Sachs

  • 1Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA. nilslam@ucla.edu

Physiological Genomics
|May 31, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Fasting decreases rat gastric histamine by regulating L-histidine availability and reducing histamine storage, not by altering histamine synthesis. This impacts the histamine secretory pool in enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Gastric enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells release histamine, stimulated by feeding via gastrin and PACAP.
  • Acid secretion is regulated by feeding, with histamine playing a key role.
  • Fasting impacts mucosal histamine levels, but the underlying mechanisms in ECL cells are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how 24-hour fasting affects histamine content and related gene expression in rat gastric ECL cells.
  • To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms controlling histamine levels in ECL cells during fasting.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative transcriptomal analysis of pure ECL cells from fed and fasted rats using gene expression microarrays.
  • Validation of gene expression changes using reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).
  • Assessment of vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT-2) protein levels via Western blotting.

Main Results:

  • Fasting decreased mucosal histamine despite stable histidine decarboxylase (HDC) expression.
  • Increased expression of histidase and urocanase (enzymes catabolizing HDC substrate L-histidine).
  • Decreased expression of L-histidine transporter SN2 and VMAT-2, confirmed at both gene and protein levels for VMAT-2.

Conclusions:

  • Rat gastric ECL cells regulate histamine content during fasting primarily through substrate availability and reduced vesicular storage.
  • Fasting decreases the histamine secretory pool by downregulating L-histidine uptake and VMAT-2, not by altering HDC expression.
  • These findings reveal novel regulatory mechanisms for histamine homeostasis in gastric ECL cells.