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Vestibulo-ocular function in anxiety disorders.

Joseph M Furman1, Mark S Redfern, Rolf G Jacob

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. furman@pitt.edu

Journal of Vestibular Research : Equilibrium & Orientation
|June 1, 2007
PubMed
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Anxiety disorders are linked to altered vestibular function, specifically increased vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain and impaired velocity storage. Height phobia and space/motion discomfort may mitigate these vestibular changes in anxious individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Vestibular System
  • Anxiety Disorders

Background:

  • Previous research suggests a higher incidence of peripheral vestibular dysfunction in anxiety disorder patients, particularly panic disorder with agoraphobia.
  • Companion studies indicate postural control abnormalities in anxiety patients with significant space and motion discomfort (SMD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) function, including semicircular canal-ocular reflex, otolith-ocular reflex, and their interactions, in a defined group of anxiety disorder patients.
  • To compare VOR parameters between patients with anxiety disorders and psychiatrically normal controls.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized earth-vertical axis rotation (EVAR) for semicircular canal-ocular reflex assessment and off-vertical axis rotation (OVAR) for otolith-ocular reflex and semicircular canal-otolith interaction evaluation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measured eye movement responses using bitemporal electro-oculography during sinusoidal and constant velocity rotations.
  • Included 72 anxiety disorder patients (panic and non-panic) and 29 healthy controls, categorizing patients by height phobia and SMD presence.

    • Main Results:

    • Anxiety patients exhibited significantly higher VOR gain and shorter VOR time constants compared to controls.
    • The impact of anxiety on VOR gain was more pronounced in patients without SMD.
    • Anxiety patients without height phobia demonstrated greater OVAR modulation.

    Conclusions:

    • Anxiety disorders are associated with increased vestibular sensitivity and impaired velocity storage.
    • Excessive SMD and height phobia may attenuate heightened vestibular sensitivity, potentially by reducing the weighting of central vestibular pathways.