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Related Concept Videos

Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

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The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

Mechanism of Ciliary Motion

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The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
Flagella and Motility in Bacteria01:18

Flagella and Motility in Bacteria

Flagella are specialized, thread-like structures that extend from a bacteria's cell envelope. They play a crucial role in motility and chemotaxis. Their structural organization and functioning exemplify sophisticated biological engineering, enabling bacterial survival and adaptability in diverse environments.Structure of the FlagellumA bacterial flagellum consists of three key components: the filament, the hook, and basal body. The filament, a long, helical structure composed of repeating...
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Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Biophysical Characterization of Flagellar Motor Functions
06:08

Biophysical Characterization of Flagellar Motor Functions

Published on: January 18, 2017

Flagellar and ciliary beating in trypanosome motility.

Catarina Gadelha1, Bill Wickstead, Keith Gull

  • 1Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. catarina.gadelha@path.ox.ac.uk

Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton
|June 6, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study analyzes flagellar beating in Leishmania and Crithidia parasites using high-speed videomicroscopy. We define flagellar beat parameters and identify novel beat patterns, revealing an unexpected relationship between wavelength and oscillator length.

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Published on: April 6, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Parasitology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • The single flagellum of Leishmania and Trypanosoma is a key model for organelle function analysis.
  • Genomic data and genetic tools make trypanosomatids valuable for studying flagellar motility.
  • Limited data exists on the flagellar beat patterns of genetically tractable trypanosomatid species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively analyze and define flagellar beat parameters in free-swimming Leishmania major and Crithidia species.
  • To develop a generally-applicable technique for analyzing free-swimming cell motility.
  • To investigate novel flagellar beat initiation points and patterns in trypanosomatids.

Main Methods:

  • High-speed videomicroscopy was employed to capture flagellar movement.
  • Quantitative analysis techniques were developed and applied to free-swimming cells.
  • Comparative analysis was performed between Leishmania major and Crithidia species.

Main Results:

  • Defined the parameters of the symmetrical tip-to-base flagellar beat in Leishmania and Crithidia.
  • Identified flagellar beat initiation from points other than the tip.
  • Described a distinct, asymmetric base-to-tip ciliary beat pattern.
  • Discovered an unexpected dependency of flagellar wavelength on oscillator length.

Conclusions:

  • Established a robust method for analyzing trypanosomatid flagellar dynamics.
  • Characterized diverse flagellar beat patterns, including ciliary-like motion.
  • The wavelength-oscillator length dependency suggests potential mechanisms like tip constraint or resonance.