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The Hopelessness Scale: a factor analysis.

Maurizio Pompili1, Roberto Tatarelli, James R Rogers

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Sant' Andrea Hospital, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy. maurizio.pompili@uniroma1.it

Psychological Reports
|June 15, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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The Beck Hopelessness Scale

Area of Science:

  • Psychological assessment
  • Cross-cultural psychology

Background:

  • The Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) is a widely used measure of negative expectancies.
  • Previous research suggested a 3-factor structure for the BHS in clinical populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the factor structure of the Beck Hopelessness Scale in a nonclinical Italian student sample.
  • To compare the findings with previous studies on clinical populations and different nationalities.

Main Methods:

  • Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed on data from 340 Italian students.
  • A principal axis factor analysis (PAFA) was conducted as a follow-up analysis.

Main Results:

  • The hypothesized 3-factor model for the Beck Hopelessness Scale was not supported in the Italian student sample.

Related Experiment Videos

  • A 2-factor solution emerged from the principal axis factor analysis, indicating a different scale structure.
  • Factor structure may vary between clinical and nonclinical groups, and across nationalities.

    • Conclusions:

    • The Beck Hopelessness Scale's factor structure may not be universal.
    • Nationality and clinical status appear to influence the scale's underlying dimensions.
    • Further research is needed to validate the BHS structure in diverse populations.