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Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
Published on: September 20, 2020
Developing context and background underlying cognitive intervention/training studies in older populations
Jeffrey W Elias1, Molly V Wagster
1National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. elias@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu
Abstract:
Underlying the attempt to change behavior or improve performance by virtue of intervention or training is the notion that change is possible and that plasticity, life-course malleability, and compensation are well-recognized concepts of life-span development. The cognition and aging literature reveals that there are a growing number of context and background variables against which the effectiveness of intervention/training can be judged beyond the intrinsic motivations for change. In this introductory article to a special issue on cognitive intervention and training, we briefly discuss several of these background variables.
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