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Updated: Jul 14, 2026
07:15
Preoxygenation Techniques for Tracheal Intubation in Critically Ill Adults Utilizing Oxygen Mask and Noninvasive Ventilation
Published on: December 5, 2025
Increased brain oxygenation during intubation-related stress.
C Paisansathan1, W E Hoffman, R G Gatto
1University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Anesthesia, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
European Journal of Anaesthesiology
|June 15, 2007
Summary
Intubation-induced stress temporarily alters brain oxygenation (oxyhaemoglobin and deoxyhaemoglobin) during anesthesia. Frequency domain near-infrared spectroscopy can monitor these stress responses.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Neuroscience
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Brain oxyhaemoglobin-deoxyhaemoglobin coupling is crucial for neural activity.
- Understanding how anesthesia and intubation stress affect brain oxygenation is important for patient safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of anesthesia induction and intubation stress on brain oxyhaemoglobin-deoxyhaemoglobin levels.
- To assess the utility of frequency domain near-infrared spectroscopy (FD-NIRS) in monitoring these changes.
Main Methods:
- Prospective observational study involving 13 patients undergoing non-neurological surgery.
- FD-NIRS was used to measure prefrontal cortex oxyhaemoglobin and deoxyhaemoglobin.
- Physiological parameters (blood pressure, heart rate, electroencephalogram response entropy) were monitored concurrently.
Main Results:
- Intubation significantly increased oxyhaemoglobin (37%) and decreased deoxyhaemoglobin (16%) in the prefrontal cortex.
- These changes returned to baseline within 20 minutes of desflurane anesthesia.
- Increased heart rate during intubation correlated with increased brain oxygen saturation.
Conclusions:
- Intubation-related stress causes transient alterations in brain oxygenation, linked to electroencephalogram and autonomic activation.
- FD-NIRS is a potential tool for monitoring stress-induced brain stimulation during anesthesia.
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