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Recompression during decompression and effects on bubble formation in the pig.

Andreas Møllerløkken1, Christian Gutvik, Vegard J Berge

  • 1Baromedical and Environmental Physiology Group, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway. andreas.mollerlokken@ntnu.no

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Summary

Adding brief recompression during decompression significantly reduced vascular bubbles in pigs, suggesting safer dive procedures. This method enhances decompression safety by minimizing bubble formation.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Hyperbaric Medicine
  • Diving Science

Background:

  • Vascular gas bubble formation is linked to severe decompression sickness.
  • Controlling bubble formation can lead to safer decompression protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of brief recompression during late decompression stops in reducing vascular bubbles.
  • To assess the impact of this intervention on decompression sickness risk.

Main Methods:

  • Twelve pigs were divided into experimental (EXP) and control (CTR) groups.
  • Both groups underwent compression to 500 kPa (5 ATA) for 90 minutes breathing air.
  • EXP group received a 5-min recompression of 50 kPa (0.5 ATA) at three late decompression stops, while CTR followed a standard profile.

Main Results:

  • All CTR animals developed bubbles, whereas only one EXP animal did.
  • Bubble presence was significantly lower in the EXP group (0.0009 bubbles x cm(-2)) compared to CTR (0.02 bubbles x cm(-2)).

Conclusions:

  • Brief recompression during late decompression effectively reduces vascular bubble formation.
  • These findings support a gas phase model of decompression and suggest improved safety for divers.