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Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Basics of Multivariate Analysis in Neuroimaging Data
Published on: July 24, 2010
When is a failure to replicate not a type II error?
Marco Vasconcelos1, Peter J Urcuioli, Karen M Lionello-DeNolf
1Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, 703 Third Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. marcov@psych.purdue.edu
Abstract:
Zentall and Singer (2007) challenge our conclusion that the work-ethic effect reported by Clement, Feltus, Kaiser, and Zentall (2000) may have been a Type I error by arguing that (a) the effect has been extensively replicated and (b) the amount of overtraining our pigeons received may not have been sufficient to produce it. We believe that our conclusion is warranted because (a) the original effect has not been replicated despite multiple attempts to do so and (b) the statement that more extended overtraining may be needed itself suggests that the original effect is not reliable.
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