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Insulin sensitivity obtained from the oral glucose tolerance test and its relationship with birthweight

Yildiz Dallar1, Dilek Dilli, Ilknur Bostanci

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ulucanlar, Ankara, Turkey.

Annals of Saudi Medicine
|June 23, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Reduced birthweight in small for gestational age (SGA) children is linked to lower insulin sensitivity in preadolescence. The composite index (CI) is a more reliable measure than HOMA-IR for assessing insulin sensitivity in these children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Health

Background:

  • Preadolescent glucose intolerance and insulin sensitivity in small for gestational age (SGA) children may predict adult type 2 diabetes mellitus risk.
  • Investigating the relationship between reduced birthweight and insulin sensitivity in preadolescence is crucial for early risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if reduced birthweight is associated with impaired insulin sensitivity in preadolescent children.
  • To compare the reliability of HOMA-IR and composite index (CI) in assessing insulin sensitivity in relation to birth size.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated insulin sensitivity in 25 SGA and 29 appropriate for gestational age (AGA) children using oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT).
  • Measured glucose and insulin levels during OGTT, calculated body mass index (BMI), and assessed insulin sensitivity using Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and composite index (CI).

Main Results:

  • SGA children exhibited higher 120-minute glucose and insulin levels during OGTT compared to AGA children.
  • The composite index (CI) was significantly lower in SGA children, indicating reduced insulin sensitivity, while HOMA-IR showed no difference.
  • Birthweight inversely correlated with 120-minute glucose and insulin levels, and positively with CI, suggesting birth size is a key factor in insulin sensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • Birthweight is a potential predictive factor for insulin sensitivity in preadolescence.
  • The composite index (CI) is a more reliable indicator of insulin sensitivity in preadolescence than HOMA-IR, particularly for children with variations in birth size.
Abstract

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