The perivitelline space-forming capacity of mouse oocytes is associated with meiotic competence

Although mouse oocytes progressively acquire meiotic competence during their growth in the ovaries, only half of full-grown oocytes can accomplish meiosis. Two types of full-grown oocytes have been reported on the basis of their chromatin configuration, the surrounded-nucleolus (SN) type and the non-surrounded-nucleolus (NSN) type. Therefore, full-grown oocytes collected from the ovaries of adult animals comprise a heterogeneous population; some oocytes are meiotically incompetent (NSN-type), and some are competent (SN-type). In the present study, we found that full-grown oocytes could be classified into two groups using the criterion of formation of the perivitelline space (PVS) after culture with 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) for 1 h. In oocytes with a PVS, actin-filled processes within zona pellucidae originating from cumulus cells were reduced, while they were rich in oocytes without a PVS, suggesting that a reduction in these processes contributes to PVS formation. PVS formation was highly correlated with meiotic competence and SN-type configuration. The results of this study demonstrate that PVS formation is a useful criterion for easily distinguishing between SN- and NSN-type oocytes, without injury to the cells.