Rhabdomyolysis associated with cranial diabetes insipidus

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Endocrinology
• Neurology

Background:

• Rhabdomyolysis is linked to hyperosmolality in diabetic emergencies.
• The specific role of hyperosmolality versus hyperglycemia in rhabdomyolysis is unclear.

Observation:

• A patient with cranial diabetes insipidus presented with hypernatremia and hyperosmolality.
• This patient developed rhabdomyolysis without typical risk factors like diabetic ketoacidosis or coma.

Findings:

• Severe hyperosmolality alone, irrespective of hyperglycemia, can precipitate non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis.
• This case highlights a novel association between diabetes insipidus and rhabdomyolysis.

Implications:

• Hyperosmolality is a significant risk factor for rhabdomyolysis.
• Serum muscle enzyme monitoring is recommended for patients with diabetes insipidus to identify potential rhabdomyolysis early.