Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Speed of a Transverse Wave01:13

Speed of a Transverse Wave

3.8K
The speed of a wave depends on the characteristics of the medium. For example, in the case of a guitar, the strings vibrate to produce the sound. The speed of the waves on the strings and the wavelength determine the frequency of the sound produced. The strings on a guitar have different thicknesses but may be made of similar material. They have different linear densities, and the linear density is defined as the mass per length.
One of the key properties of any wave is the wave speed. Light...
3.8K
Speed of Sound in Gases01:08

Speed of Sound in Gases

3.9K
The speed of sound in a gaseous medium depends on various factors. Since gases constitute molecules that are free to move, they are highly compressible. Hence, sound waves travel slowly through gases. Thermodynamics helps us understand the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature of gases, thus, the speed of sound in an ideal gas can be determined using the laws of thermodynamics. At the same time, Newton's laws of motion and the continuity equation of fluid dynamics also come...
3.9K
Distribution of Molecular Speeds01:27

Distribution of Molecular Speeds

5.3K
The motion of molecules in a gas is random in magnitude and direction for individual molecules, but a gas of many molecules has a predictable distribution of molecular speeds. This predictable distribution of molecular speeds is known as the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. The distribution of molecular speeds in liquids is comparable to that of gases but not identical and can help to understand the phenomenon of the boiling and vapor pressure of a liquid. Consider that a molecule requires a...
5.3K
Drag Force and Terminal Speed01:18

Drag Force and Terminal Speed

3.3K
An interesting force in everyday life is the force of drag on an object when it is moving in a fluid. Like friction, the drag force always opposes the motion of an object. Unlike simple friction, the drag force is proportional to some function of the velocity of the object in that fluid. This functionality is complicated and depends upon the shape of the object, its size, its velocity, and the fluid it is in. For most large objects, such as cyclists, cars, and baseballs, that are not moving too...
3.3K
Deriving the Speed of Sound in a Liquid01:09

Deriving the Speed of Sound in a Liquid

910
As with waves on a string, the speed of sound or a mechanical wave in a fluid depends on the fluid's elastic modulus and inertia. The two relevant physical quantities are the bulk modulus and the density of the material. Indeed, it turns out that the relationship between speed and the bulk modulus and density in fluids is the same as that between the speed and the Young's modulus and density in solids.
The speed of sound in fluids can be derived by considering a mechanical wave...
910
Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves01:30

Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves

4.6K
Electromagnetic waves are consistent with Ampere's law. Assuming there is no conduction current Ampere's law is given as:
4.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Firearm Storage in Households With Children.

JAMA network open·2026
Same author

Expanding Zero Suicide: Qualitative Assessment of Community Mental Health Center Partnerships Supporting Rural Suicide Prevention.

Community mental health journal·2026
Same author

Deciphering the causal influence of BMI and related metabolic, inflammatory, and cardiovascular factors on brain structure: a Mendelian Randomization Study.

Molecular psychiatry·2026
Same author

Comparing the Impact of Adolescent Dating Violence and Bullying on Anxiety Among LGBTQ+ and Heterosexual-Cisgender Adolescents in Vermont.

Cureus·2026
Same author

Educators' Perspectives on Shooter Drills.

The Journal of school health·2026
Same author

Perspectives on Medicaid Coverage for Adult Home-Based Palliative Care.

Journal of palliative medicine·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Importance of Jumping Ability in Handball Throwing Speed and Accuracy
02:43

Importance of Jumping Ability in Handball Throwing Speed and Accuracy

Published on: April 4, 2025

1.3K

Speeds associated with skiing and snowboarding.

Robert Williams1, Thomas Delaney, Eliot Nelson

  • 1Department of Anaesthesia, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, USA. robert.williams@vtmednet.org

Wilderness & Environmental Medicine
|June 26, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Ski helmets can significantly reduce traumatic brain injuries (TBI) in skiing and snowboarding. Speeds in terrain parks and glades are often slow enough for helmets to be effective.

More Related Videos

Application of High-speed Super-resolution SPEED Microscopy in Live Primary Cilium
07:53

Application of High-speed Super-resolution SPEED Microscopy in Live Primary Cilium

Published on: January 16, 2018

8.7K
High-speed Particle Image Velocimetry Near Surfaces
11:59

High-speed Particle Image Velocimetry Near Surfaces

Published on: June 24, 2013

33.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Importance of Jumping Ability in Handball Throwing Speed and Accuracy
02:43

Importance of Jumping Ability in Handball Throwing Speed and Accuracy

Published on: April 4, 2025

1.3K
Application of High-speed Super-resolution SPEED Microscopy in Live Primary Cilium
07:53

Application of High-speed Super-resolution SPEED Microscopy in Live Primary Cilium

Published on: January 16, 2018

8.7K
High-speed Particle Image Velocimetry Near Surfaces
11:59

High-speed Particle Image Velocimetry Near Surfaces

Published on: June 24, 2013

33.8K

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Orthopedics
  • Traumatology

Background:

  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant risk in skiing and snowboarding.
  • Helmet use is low due to perceived ineffectiveness at high speeds.
  • Nontraditional terrain may involve lower speeds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if speeds in nontraditional ski terrain are low enough for helmets to be protective.
  • To investigate the effectiveness of helmets in gladed areas and terrain parks.

Main Methods:

  • Radar analysis of expert skiers and snowboarders.
  • Speed data collection in gladed trails and terrain parks.

Main Results:

  • Observed speeds were less than 15 mph in 79% of gladed terrain cases.
  • Observed speeds were less than 15 mph in 94% of terrain park cases.
  • Speeds in these areas are slower than on open slopes.

Conclusions:

  • Helmets offer significant TBI protection at speeds observed in nontraditional terrain.
  • Medical authorities should promote helmet use to decrease TBI incidence.
  • Helmet advocacy is crucial for skiing and snowboarding safety.