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Updated: Jul 14, 2026

How to Create and Use Binocular Rivalry
Published on: November 10, 2010
To heal the mind's eye of hate--Dr. Ludwik Zamenhof
Andrzej Wincewicz1, Mariola Sulkowska, Stanislaw Sulkowski
1Department of History of Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland. ruahpolin@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Ludwik Zamenhof (1859-1917), born in Poland, invented and propagated Esperanto - an artificial, easy-to-learn language. Literally meaning "language of hope," Esperanto was constructed to avoid misunderstandings, establish communication and facilitate harmony among different nationalities. Simply, he wanted people to accept one another despite observed differences. He was a skilled ophthalmologist, but figuratively, he wished to heal the eyes of humankind to look without hate, just as the biblical Tobias removed the cataract from the corners of his father's eyes to restore his sight.
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