Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis
06:35

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis

Published on: February 8, 2019

[Hypertrophic pachymeningitis, glomerulonephritis and P-ANCA associated small vessel vasculitis]

Octavio Mazzocchi1, Jorge A Risso, Florencia Viozzi

  • 15 Cátedra, Departamento de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martin, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires. omazzocchi@uolsinectis.com.ar

Medicina
|June 28, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Hypertrophic pachymeningitis, a rare dura mater thickening disease, was diagnosed in a patient with chronic headaches and kidney inflammation. Immunosuppressant therapy led to clinical improvement, highlighting treatment efficacy for this unusual condition.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Nephrology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Hypertrophic pachymeningitis is an uncommon condition characterized by dural thickening.
  • Pauciimmune necrotizing glomerulonephritis is a serious kidney disease associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with chronic headache and pauciimmune necrotizing extracapillary perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (P-ANCA) associated glomerulonephritis.
  • Brain magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the diagnosis of hypertrophic pachymeningitis.

Findings:

  • The patient's presentation involved both neurological and renal manifestations.
  • Successful treatment was achieved using a combination of immunosuppressant therapies.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering hypertrophic pachymeningitis in patients with unexplained chronic headaches and glomerulonephritis.
  • Effective management of this rare disease involves prompt diagnosis and immunosuppressive treatment.
  • Further research into the underlying mechanisms and optimal therapeutic strategies for hypertrophic pachymeningitis is warranted.

More Related Videos

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-409:29

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4

Published on: August 21, 2017

Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...