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Barriers and facilitators to adolescent HIV testing.

Ligia Peralta1, Bethany Griffin Deeds, Sandra Hipszer

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA. lperalta@peds.umaryland.edu

AIDS Patient Care and Stds
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Summary

Barriers to HIV counseling, testing, and referral (CTR) services among youth include low risk perception and lack of testing offers. Increased availability of rapid, free testing and confidential results can improve HIV CTR acceptance in adolescents and young adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Adolescent Health
  • HIV/AIDS Prevention

Background:

  • HIV remains a significant public health concern, particularly among adolescents and young adults.
  • Understanding barriers to HIV counseling, testing, and referral (CTR) services is crucial for effective prevention strategies.
  • Youth populations often face unique challenges in accessing healthcare services, including HIV testing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify barriers and facilitators influencing HIV counseling, testing, and referral (CTR) service acceptance among youth aged 12-24.
  • To inform the development of targeted interventions to increase HIV testing uptake in adolescent and young adult populations.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 278 youth aged 12-24 years.
  • Data collection through questionnaires assessing individual characteristics, HIV testing history, risk behaviors, and perceived barriers/facilitators.
  • Analysis of responses to understand reasons for not testing and factors promoting acceptance.

Main Results:

  • High-risk minority youth cited low perceived risk and lack of testing offers as primary reasons for never being tested.
  • Availability of oral/rapid HIV testing methods and free services were identified as key facilitators for acceptance.
  • Older youth (18-24 years) indicated that rapid and confidential test results would encourage them to seek HIV testing.

Conclusions:

  • Tailored early identification approaches are necessary to enhance access to and acceptance of HIV-testing services among adolescents and young adults.
  • Addressing perceived risk and increasing testing opportunities are vital for high-risk minority youth.
  • Convenient and confidential testing options are essential for encouraging HIV testing uptake in older youth.