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Related Concept Videos

Adrenergic Receptors: ɑ Subtype01:31

Adrenergic Receptors: ɑ Subtype

Adrenoceptors are classified into α and ꞵ classes based on their potencies to catecholamine agonists. α-adrenoceptors show the following order of catecholamine potency:
Adrenaline ≥ Noradrenaline >> Isoprenaline
α-adrenoceptors are further divided into α1 and α2-adrenoceptors.
α1-Adrenoceptors: These receptors are located postsynaptically on the effector organs and cause constriction of smooth muscle mediated by activation of phospholipase C—inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate...
Adrenergic Receptors (Adrenoceptors): Classification01:27

Adrenergic Receptors (Adrenoceptors): Classification

Adrenergic receptors, or adrenoceptors, respond to the autonomic neurotransmitter noradrenaline and other endogenous catecholamine agonists. They are classified into two main families, α and β, based on their pharmacological response and are further subdivided depending on their location, elicited response, and affinity to specific agonists or antagonists.
α-Adrenoceptors
α-Adrenoceptors are classified into two main subtypes: α1 and α2. The α1 adrenoceptors, which are found on postsynaptic...
Male Sexual Response: Erection & Ejaculation01:17

Male Sexual Response: Erection & Ejaculation

Sexual stimulation can take various forms, such as physical touch and visual or auditory cues. When this happens, the parasympathetic reflex in the sacral portion of the spinal cord is activated. This reflex stimulates the release of nitric oxide (NO), which then dilates the arterioles in the penis, increasing blood flow to the erectile tissues - the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum.
The blood filling the erectile tissues compresses the veins, which helps to prevent blood from leaving...
Adrenergic Receptors: β Subtype01:26

Adrenergic Receptors: β Subtype

β-adrenoceptors have varied sensitivities towards adrenaline, noradrenaline, and isoprenaline. The order of agonist potency is as follows:
Isoprenaline > Adrenaline > Noradrenaline
Neurotransmitter binding to these receptors causes activation of adenylyl cyclase resulting in increased concentrations of cAMP and modulation of calcium ion channels within the cell. They are further classified into β1, β2, and β3 subtypes.
β1-adrenoceptors: β1-adrenoceptors have equal affinities for...
Adrenergic Antagonists: Pharmacological Actions of ɑ-Receptor Blockers01:22

Adrenergic Antagonists: Pharmacological Actions of ɑ-Receptor Blockers

α-Adrenergic antagonists, known as α-blockers, exert their effects by inhibiting α-adrenoceptors, leading to specific physiological actions. α1-blockers and α2-blockers have distinct pharmacological actions and therapeutic applications.
α1-blockers: These drugs inhibit α1-adrenoceptors on smooth muscle cells, resulting in vasodilation. This vasodilation lowers blood pressure, making α1-blockers valuable in treating hypertension. Additionally, α1-blockers effectively address urinary obstruction...
Adrenergic Antagonists: Chemistry and Classification of ɑ-Receptor Blockers01:17

Adrenergic Antagonists: Chemistry and Classification of ɑ-Receptor Blockers

Adrenergic antagonists, or sympatholytics, inhibit adrenoceptor activation driven by catecholamines or agonists. Based on their adrenoceptor specificity, adrenergic blockers can be categorized into two primary groups: α-adrenergic blockers (α-blockers) and β-adrenergic blockers (β-blockers). α-blockers interact with α1 and α2 subtypes of α-adrenoceptors.
Nonselective α-blockers: Nonselective α-blockers contain haloalkylamine or imidazoline moieties. Phenoxybenzamine, with a haloalkylamine...

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Related Experiment Videos

Alpha1-adrenoceptors are required for normal male sexual function.

A Sanbe1, Y Tanaka, Y Fujiwara

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan. asanbe@nch.go.jp

British Journal of Pharmacology
|July 3, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Alpha(1A)-adrenoceptors are crucial for vas deferens contractility and male fertility. Their absence significantly impairs ejaculation and reduces pregnancy rates, highlighting their role in reproductive function.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Urology
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • Alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonists are widely used for hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia.
  • Ejaculatory dysfunction is a common side effect, particularly with alpha(1A)-selective antagonists.
  • This suggests a role for alpha(1A)-adrenoceptors in ejaculation, though not previously studied at a molecular level.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the physiological role of alpha(1)-adrenoceptor subtypes in ejaculation.
  • To determine the contribution of alpha(1A)-adrenoceptors to vas deferens function and fertility.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized alpha(1)-adrenoceptor subtype-selective knockout (KO) mice.
  • Compared ejaculation, blood pressure, and vascular responses in subtype-selective KO mice and triple-KO mice.
  • Assessed vas deferens contractility in response to noradrenaline and electrical stimulation.

Main Results:

  • Alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor KO mice showed a 50% reduction in pregnancy rate.
  • Vas deferens contractility in response to noradrenaline was significantly reduced in alpha(1A)-AR KO mice and abolished in triple-KO mice.
  • Impaired contractility was also observed in electrically stimulated vas deferens.

Conclusions:

  • Alpha(1)-adrenoceptors, especially alpha(1A)-subtype, are essential for normal vas deferens contractility.
  • These receptors play a critical role in sperm ejaculation and male fertility.
  • Findings provide molecular insights into the side effects of alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonists.