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[Control of genetic consequences of vaccinations: electron microscopic analysis of murine synaptonemal complexes]
Abstract:
The ability of two inactivated bacterial vaccines, from Proteus vulgaris and Klebsiella pneumoniae, to injure synaptonemal complexes (SCs) was studied by means of electron microscopy. The preparations were given intraperitoneally to C57BL/6J male mice during five successive days and testes were fixed 24 h after the last injection. Cyclophosphamide was used for positive control. The vaccine from Klebsiella given at subtoxic dose, which was about 200 times higher that that given to people during vaccinations, induced the 10-fold rise in the frequency of SC abnormalities in murine 1-storger spermatocytes. Breaks of SCs and of single lateral elements of SCs predominated over other types of vaccine-induced anomalies. According to the preliminary data, vaccine from Proteus at subtoxic dose showed no damaging SC activity. The results of the given study are discussed in connection with the negative data obtained earlier when genotoxicity of these two vaccines had been studied in the Ames test, in routine investigations of bone marrow metaphases of vaccinated mice as well as under light microscopy of their SCs.
Insights
The Klebsiella pneumoniae vaccine caused significant synaptonemal complex abnormalities in mice testes. Proteus vulgaris vaccine showed no such damaging effects on sperm cells.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Toxicology
- Reproductive Biology
Context:
- Inactivated bacterial vaccines are widely used.
- Potential adverse effects on reproductive health require investigation.
- Synaptonemal complexes (SCs) are crucial for meiosis and genetic integrity.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the impact of inactivated Proteus vulgaris and Klebsiella pneumoniae vaccines on murine synaptonemal complexes.
- To assess the potential for vaccine-induced testicular toxicity.
Summary:
- Electron microscopy revealed that a subtoxic dose of Klebsiella pneumoniae vaccine significantly increased SC abnormalities (10-fold) in mouse spermatocytes, primarily causing SC breaks.
- Proteus vulgaris vaccine, at a comparable subtoxic dose, did not demonstrate significant SC damaging activity.
- These findings contrast with previous genotoxicity studies and highlight potential vaccine-specific effects on meiotic chromosomes.
Impact:
- Provides critical data on the reproductive safety of specific bacterial vaccines.
- Informs vaccine development and risk assessment by identifying potential testicular toxicity.
- Suggests that vaccine-induced SC damage may not be detected by standard genotoxicity assays.