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Related Concept Videos

Intellectual Disability01:29

Intellectual Disability

Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
Measures of Intelligence01:29

Measures of Intelligence

Psychologists measure intelligence by using standardized tests that produce a score known as the intelligence quotient or IQ. To understand IQ tests, it's important to recognize the key principles behind their construction: validity, reliability, and standardization.
Validity refers to how well a test measures what it claims to measure. An intelligence test should accurately assess intelligence rather than another characteristic, like anxiety. Criterion validity is one way to evaluate this; it...
Wechsler's Contribution to Measures of Intelligence01:23

Wechsler's Contribution to Measures of Intelligence

David Wechsler, a psychologist who worked with World War I veterans, developed a significant IQ test in 1939 called the Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale. This test was innovative because it combined several subtests that measured both verbal and nonverbal skills, reflecting Wechsler's belief that intelligence is a global capacity involving purposeful action, rational thinking, and effective interaction with the environment. This test later evolved into the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale...
Binet's Contribution to Measures of Intelligence01:23

Binet's Contribution to Measures of Intelligence

Alfred Binet, along with his student Théophile Simon, was tasked by the French Ministry of Education in 1904 to create a method for identifying students who struggled to learn through conventional classroom instruction. This initiative aimed to address overcrowding by placing such students in specialized schools. Binet and Simon developed an intelligence test comprising 30 tasks, ranging from simple commands, like touching one's nose or ear, to more complex tasks, such as drawing designs from...
Intelligence01:27

Intelligence

The term "intelligence" is complex because it refers to both behavior and individuals, and its interpretation varies across cultures. European Americans tend to link intelligence with reasoning and cognitive skills, while in Kenya, it is tied to responsible participation in family and social life. In Uganda, intelligence is seen as the ability to know the right actions and carry them out effectively, while the Iatmul people of Papua New Guinea associate it with the capacity to remember detailed...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
12:18

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: January 11, 2020

Screening tests for adults with intellectual disabilities.

Joanne E Wilkinson1, Larry Culpepper, Mary Cerreto

  • 1Department of Family Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA. joanne.wilkinson@bmc.org

Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM
|July 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Adults with intellectual disabilities require tailored primary care. Enhanced screening for obesity, osteoporosis, and smoking is recommended due to higher prevalence in this population.

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Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Primary Care Medicine
  • Intellectual Disabilities Research
  • Preventive Health

Background:

  • Adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) often lack evidence-based primary care screening guidelines.
  • Coordinated care is essential for this population, yet specific recommendations are scarce.
  • Existing guidelines may not adequately address the unique health needs of individuals with ID.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current screening recommendations for preventable conditions in adults with ID.
  • To assess the prevalence of common health issues in adults with ID.
  • To propose tailored screening strategies for primary care physicians.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of US Preventative Service Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines.
  • Literature review on the prevalence of common conditions in adults with ID.
  • Synthesis of findings to inform screening recommendations.

Main Results:

  • Obesity, osteoporosis, and smoking are more prevalent in adults with ID, warranting enhanced screening.
  • Screening for abnormal Papanicolaou smears and cervical cancer should be individualized for this group.
  • Strategies to reduce patient stress during screening procedures were identified.

Conclusions:

  • Primary care for adults with ID necessitates adapted screening protocols.
  • Enhanced surveillance for obesity, osteoporosis, and smoking is crucial.
  • Individualized approaches and patient-centered strategies improve screening effectiveness.