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Metabolic changes observed in astronauts.

C S Leach1, N M Cintrón, J M Krauhs

  • 1Biomedical Operations and Research Branch, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas 77058.

Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
|October 1, 1991
PubMed
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Astronauts experience fluid shifts and dehydration during space flight, impacting physiological regulation. The body adapts to weightlessness, but this adaptation comes at a physiological cost.

Area of Science:

  • Space medicine
  • Human physiology
  • Metabolic alterations

Background:

  • Understanding physiological regulation is crucial for space exploration.
  • Space flight induces significant metabolic and fluid shifts in astronauts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate metabolic alterations during space flight.
  • To understand the physiological regulatory mechanisms affected by space travel.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of medical experiment results from astronauts.
  • Monitoring fluid volume, body water, and electrolyte levels.
  • Assessing hormonal changes (renin, ADH, cortisol, thyroxine, insulin).

Main Results:

  • Rapid fluid loss (2 L) from legs and headward fluid redistribution.
Keywords:
NASA Center JSCNASA Discipline Number 00-00NASA Discipline Number 18-10NASA Discipline Regulatory PhysiologyNASA Program FlightNASA Program Space Physiology and Countermeasures

Related Experiment Videos

  • 2-3% decrease in total body water within 2 days.
  • Increased plasma renin activity and antidiuretic hormone; decreased blood sodium and plasma volume.
  • Estimated 0.3 kg protein loss with endocrine changes favoring protein catabolism.

    • Conclusions:

    • Space flight causes significant fluid and electrolyte loss.
    • Endocrine factors during space flight promote protein catabolism.
    • The human body adapts to weightlessness with physiological costs, posing challenges for re-adaptation to Earth's gravity.