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Assessment of Spatial Lingual Tactile Sensitivity using a Gratings Orientation Test
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Ecologically valid combinations of first- and second-order surface markings facilitate texture discrimination.

Aaron P Johnson1, Nicolaas Prins, Frederick A A Kingdom

  • 1Department of Psychology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Room SP-245.05 Montréal, Que., Canada H4B 1R6. aaron.johnson@concordia.ca

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Visual perception of natural scenes relies on both luminance (first-order) and contrast (second-order) information. Combining these stimuli in an ecologically valid, correlated manner enhances texture discrimination performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Visual perception
  • Sensory neuroscience
  • Image processing

Background:

  • Natural scenes feature spatial variations in luminance (first-order) and contrast/texture (second-order) information.
  • Distinct neural mechanisms process first- and second-order visual stimuli.
  • First- and second-order visual information are often spatially correlated in natural environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate how correlated versus uncorrelated combinations of first- and second-order stimuli affect visual perception.
  • Determine the impact of spatial correlation on texture modulation discrimination.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized orientation-modulated textures composed of micropatterns.
  • Micropatterns were defined by local luminance variations (first-order) or luminance contrast (second-order).
  • Observers discriminated the spatial frequency of texture modulation.

Main Results:

  • Performance was robust with first-order textures but impossible with second-order textures alone.
  • Combining correlated first- and second-order micropatterns enhanced performance.
  • Combining uncorrelated first- and second-order micropatterns impaired performance.

Conclusions:

  • Local second-order visual information can improve texture modulation discrimination.
  • Enhancement occurs when second-order information is combined with first-order information in an ecologically valid (correlated) manner.