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Related Concept Videos

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Stroke: Introduction and Types01:29

Stroke: Introduction and Types

A stroke is an acute neurological event caused by the sudden disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to rapid loss of neuronal function. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief interruptions can cause irreversible injury within minutes. Strokes are classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types.Ischemic StrokeIschemic strokes are most common and occur due to arterial occlusion, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This leads to energy failure, ionic...
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
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The Arch of Aorta

The coronary arteries, originating from the ascending aorta, bifurcate from two sinuses located within the ascending aorta. Positioned just above the aortic semilunar valve, these sinuses house essential aortic baroreceptors and chemoreceptors, crucial for maintaining cardiac function. The left coronary artery and the right coronary artery branch off from the left posterior and anterior aortic sinuses, respectively.
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Modeling Stroke in Mice: Permanent Coagulation of the Distal Middle Cerebral Artery
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Aggressive behavior and posterior cerebral artery stroke.

Stephan A Botez1, Emmanuel Carrera, Philippe Maeder

  • 1Department of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland. stephan_botez@yahoo.ca

Archives of Neurology
|July 11, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Aggressive behavior is a rare, acute symptom of posterior cerebral artery stroke. This unusual presentation, often linked to hemianopsia, may stem from limbic or serotoninergic system dysfunction.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Posterior cerebral artery (PCA) stroke can manifest with diverse neurological deficits.
  • Understanding behavioral changes post-stroke is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Observation:

  • Three patients with PCA stroke exhibited sudden, acute aggressive behavior.
  • Aggression manifested as agitation, shouting, hitting, and biting, triggered by environmental stimuli.
  • Patients presented with contralateral homonymous hemianopsia as the primary neurological sign.

Findings:

  • Aggressive behavior occurred in 7.3% of PCA stroke patients studied.
  • Lesions were located in occipitotemporal, thalamic, or occipital regions.
  • Behavioral changes resolved within two weeks, requiring temporary physical restraint and neuroleptics.

Implications:

  • Aggressive behavior is a rare but significant presentation of PCA stroke.
  • Diagnosis can be challenging, especially with hemianopsia as the sole neurological sign.
  • Potential mechanisms involve limbic system or serotoninergic pathway dysfunction.