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Sacral orientation revisited.

Smadar Peleg1, Gali Dar, Nili Steinberg

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel. smadarpeleg@yahoo.com

Spine
|July 11, 2007
PubMed
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This study introduces Sacral Anatomic Orientation (SAO), a new measurement for pelvic orientation, and finds it strongly correlates with Pelvic Incidence (PI). SAO can help predict PI and understand spinal alignment.

Area of Science:

  • Spinal anatomy and biomechanics
  • Radiographic assessment of pelvic parameters

Background:

  • Pelvic orientation (PO) is crucial for spinal shape and balance.
  • Existing parameters like sacral slope (SS), pelvic incidence (PI), and pelvic tilt (PT) are commonly used.
  • The association between sacrum's anatomic orientation and these parameters was previously unestablished.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define Sacral Anatomic Orientation (SAO).
  • To establish a reliable method for measuring SAO.
  • To evaluate the association between SAO and pelvic incidence (PI).

Main Methods:

  • SAO defined as the angle between sacrum's superior endplate line and a line from ASIS to symphysis pubis.
  • Measurements performed on 424 skeletal pelves and 20 adult CT scans.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Intraclass correlation tested reliability; regression analysis assessed SAO-PI association.

    • Main Results:

    • Mean SAO and PI were 48.46° ± 10.17° and 54.08° ± 12.64° in skeletons, and 52.76° ± 10.31° and 57.14° ± 13.08° in living individuals.
    • SAO and PI showed high correlation (r = -0.824 to -0.828, P < 0.001).
    • A formula was derived to predict PI from SAO: PI = [-0.971 x SAO] + 101.16°.

    Conclusions:

    • Sacral Anatomic Orientation (SAO) is a novel parameter for assessing pelvic morphology.
    • SAO demonstrates a strong association with Pelvic Incidence (PI).
    • SAO may serve as a valuable tool for defining spinal sagittal shape and understanding spinal diseases.